The consequences of the Industrial Revolution
Introduction
The main economic consequence was the implementation of capitalism, which became financial. On the other hand, the artisanal workshop was replaced by the factory, there was the birth of the great company, in the same way, in the second half of the nineteenth century, transport costs (railroads and steam navigation were reduced),The rapid knowledge of the information was obtained (first with the telegraph) and then with the phone and technology produced it reduced the fixed costs, this raised the problem of the lack of large companies to meet the needs of the industrializedWestern Society.
Developing
The United States was the first country that included the potential of the Great Company, the Great Company is not only created to exploit large -scale economies, but also to achieve the diversification of different economies, based on raw materials and intermediate products andspeed economies (avoid loss of time in the various manufacturing phases). The society that until then was differentiated by estates, began to be replaced by a class society, where there were the two social classes of bourgeoisie and the proletariat, differentiated the same ones in which the first was the owner of the means of production.
And the second was only the workforce, with ease of substitution due to how cheap his workforce was. The social class of the proletariat endured very hard living conditions, among them were: the extensive workday that could be extended for more than 12 or 14 hours, added to the decreased salary that they perceived for their work, in factories located in insoluble, wet andWithout minimal working conditions, in contrast we find the bourgeoisie, which was the privileged class due to the current of capitalism that prevailed in society. Product of this clear difference and the prevailing economic model.
Doctrines submerge for the reorganization of society, thus born socialism, also the workers began to organize in workers and working groups determined to fight against capitalist exploitation giving rise to unions, parties and cooperatives. Urban growth: Due to decreased agricultural work, many peasants had to go to cities in search of work and, therefore, there was an intense urbanization process during this stage, that is, the big cities looked like, which would then give wayTo the great industrial centers.
Such was the displacement of masses that at the end of the 19th century there were around 135 polis that exceeded 100,000 inhabitants, however, such migration was fast and disorderly, so the cities grew in a disgraceful way and the poorest workers lived overcrowded, without public services and next to the factories. Emergence of Engineering: Man learned to be an engineer for thousands of years. It is enough to contemplate the pyramids of Egypt or those of Mexico, the colossal constructions of ancient Rome or the Chinese temples dating from thousands of years ago. Man has always been ingenious to solve problems;That is, he has always been an engineer, even without knowing it.
To talk about the history of engineering, we must enter into ancient times, where humanity began using different techniques to adapt to the environment to better meet their needs, it could even be said almost exactly that the concept of engineering has existed since humansThey developed fundamental inventions such as wheel, lever and pulley;As the greatest example of ancient engineering we find the flowering of constructions, irrigation channels and other buildings of the ancient civilizations, to the Egyptians, Phoenicians, Greeks and Hindus, who determined the knowledge of geometry, before the year 300 to. C.
To determine the origin of engineering as a profession we must highlight the etymology of Latin Ingenium (ingenuity), so the word is related to the ability to create ingenious and practical inventions. The bases of this profession begin to take shape in the 1500s, when different scientists and technicians began using mathematics to design military artifacts. Initially they were called military architects and generally guided artisans to carry out the construction correctly, so they are considered to be the first engineers according to the current sense of the profession.
Because the needs of society continued advancing, the solutions to these should be increasingMechanization of productive processes made mass production possible, a concept closely associated with industrial engineering. Industrial Engineering: although in the ancient times, different sages to cite some examples such as Hippocrates, Plato, Aristotle studied the various deformation activities of physics.
However, this knowledge was only occupational, so it is not until the historical phenomenon of the first industry revolution that there would be concepts such as industrial facilities, production processes, production, etc.;because the pre-revolutionist society revolved around artisanal work, agriculture or livestock, among others;Thus the contribution of industrialization to English society was novel. Thus, from industrialization, most industrial products and services are based on the physical exploitation of natural resources, but such exploitation would be carried out by workers.
conclusion
They applied their strength (not so much physical, but operational) and experience in conjunction with technological factors as in a first start the machines would be. Thus was born industrial activity, reflected in its beginnings, as a simple individual or collective effort organized with the use of machinery and equipment. Between the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 18increase in labor, mechanical looms and considerably increased their production.
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