The 1993 Elections In Spain

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The 1993 elections in Spain

The year 1993 Spain celebrated general elections on Sunday, June 6, being the sixth elections from the transition. The Congress of Deputies renewed their seats and more than half of these Senate also. In addition, they were convened before Felipe González, president of the Government at that time, had dissolved the General Courts on October 29. They were held like this almost six months in advance.

In this consultation, the PSOE entered the first period of crisis since he came to power in 1982. Despite this, he managed to win the elections with 38.78% and the Spanish Socialist Party did not suffer a fall as hard as in the two previous elections (year 1986 and 1989). In this period the Popular Party suddenly arises as a relevant force and consistent with 34.76 % of the votes.

With a parliamentary blocking situation, Felipe González obtains an investiture pact with nationalist matches. Thus, for the fourth time he was re -elected president of the Government and José María Aznar returned as the leader of the opposition by the hand of the PP.

If we compare the situation with the suffrage in 1989, the PSOE lost in the hands of the PP.

The predictions of these elections were a technical draw between PSOE and PP, two great parties that would create a left-right block difficult to form a government. This situation led Spain to a parliamentary block and the PP, still achieving the predicted success, was defeated and González took negotiations.

The investiture of the PP is blocked by joining the left -wing block with the United Left and PSOE in the elections, obtaining a majority of 177. Despite this majority, González agreed with the Catalan nationalist parties (CIU) by fourth and last as president of the Government.

CONTEXT

When the 1993 elections were convened, Spain spent a period of changes and economic recession where a dense and contradictory atmosphere was a year earlier one year before. Citizens boasted an optimistic tone, to later recognize the false situation of economic prosperity. Unemployment grew incessantly and the devaluations of the euro manifested this situation. Spain becomes the country of the European Community with the highest unemployment indication with 20% of its active population in unemployment. Also, political scandals only grow. The parties were in doubt by illegal financing and affected their credibility, and this affected both the government and the opposition. The PSOE is in an internal crisis with a division in its ranks between "warmists" and "renovators". This created more instability due to tension between its two leaders, F. González and a. War. The PP becomes "the alternative" with a positive message. Aznar strengthens his leadership creating greater unity and solidity in the party.

Due to all this situation, the PSOE dissolves the cameras and the early elections are convened on June 6, 1993. In the surveys they gave a balance of forces between the PSOE and a PP that advanced with great security. Thus, the suffrage of the year 1993 is defined as the most competitive of Spanish democracy.

RESULT

These elections had a high level of participation (76.4%), being a significant increase compared to the previous elections. The PSOE is prevail as the most voted party (38.6%) but suffers a small decrease. The PP advances considerably, obtaining the best result in its history with 34.6% of the votes and distanced from the PSOE in just 4 points. The Democratic and Social Center (CDS) descends with respect to 1989 and finally disappears from Parliament as planned. United Left is consolidated as a third force experiencing a slight advance. 

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