Sociobiology: Ants evolutionary perspective
The sociobiological perspective explores the biological basis of all social behavior, including morality. Sociobiologists study human societies from the biological bases of animals’ social behaviors, such as territoriality, social systems, etc. This perspective was proposed by Edward Osborne Wilson, who is an entomologist and biologist and is known for his evolution and partner biology work. In this perspective Wilson wanted to focus on the evolutionary and biological bases of behavior, using the influence of Darwinian theory of evolution.
Wilson, together with Bert Holldobler, conducted a systematic study of ants and ants behavior, and culminated in 1990 the work of ants. The behavior of ants explains it according to their genetic interests in the survival of the other ants, with which 75% of their genes are shared. Wilson I advocate a socio -biological explanation of all social behavior, and has said in reference to the ants “Karl Marx was right, socialism works, it is only that it had the wrong species”, where it meant that ants and other species seem to liveIn communist societies, they do it is because they are forced to do so since their basic biology, since they lack reproductive independence.
Evolutionary Psychology of Ants
Workers’ ants, being sterile, need their queen ant to survive as a colony and a species and individual ants cannot reproduce without a queen, and therefore are forced to live in centralized societies. However, humans have reproductive independence to be able to give birth to offspring without the need for a "queen", and in fact, humans enjoy their maximum level of Darwinian aptitude only when they take care of themselves and their offspring, to their offspring,While they find innovative ways to use the societies in which they live for their own benefit. He uses Darwinian theory, evolutionary psychology and his work to explain the value of the adaptation of the behavior of a species.
The theory of evolution by natural selection
The theory of evolution by natural selection, formulated by Darwin (on the origin of the species, 1859), is the process by the cuel the organisms change over time as a result of changes in the physical or behavioral features inheritable. The changes that allow an organism to adapt to its environment will help it survive and have more offspring, evolution by natural selection is one of the best theories based on the history of science, backed by the evidence of a wide variety ofscientific disciplines. According to Brian Richmond, the theory has two main points, "all life on Earth is connected and related to each other" and "modifications of the populations by natural selection, where some features were favoring in the environment and on others".
The theory is sometimes described as "survival of the most suitable", and does not refer to athletic force or capacity, but to the ability to survive and reproduce. For example, a study on human evolution in 1900 students, published online in the magazine Personality and Differences, discovered that many people may have problems finding a partner due to rapid social technological advances that evolve faster than humans than humans. "Almost 1 in 2 individuals in front of considerable difficulties in mastery of mating" ’-said the author of the study, Menelaos Apostolou professor at the University of Nicosia in Cyprus. He says: "In most cases, these difficulties are not due to something bad, but to people who live in an environment that is very different from the environment in which they evolved to function"
Evolution in the population
Populations evolve, but individual organisms do not. A population is a cross -linked group of individuals in a geographical area given at the same time. A population evolves because the population contains the genetic reserve collection collection. As changes occur in the set of genes, a population evolves.
The mutation is a random change in the genetic composition of an organism, which influences the population’s genetic collection. For example, a mutation can allow the organisms of a population to produce enzymes that will allow them to use certain food materials. Over time, individuals survive, while those who do not have mutations are more likely to perish. Therefore, natural selection tends to eliminate less suitable individuals survive and form a population.
References
- Scientist at Work, Edward or. Wilson;"From ants to ethics: a Biologist Dreams of Unity of Knowledge" 1998.
- Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C
- "Personality and Individual Differences" Magazine, October 2017
- Weiling, Frans "Historical Study: Johann Gregor Mendel" (1822-84). American Journal of Medical Genetics.
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