Sleep habits in childhood and adolescence
Introduction
Development of the problem caused by sleep habits both in children and adolescents, causes, effects and possible solutions. The importance of obtaining healthy sleep habits for healthy growth and consequently adequate physical and intellectual development. The transcendence of diagnosing a lack of sleep for its timely correction, the types of disorders that lead to this and its consequences.
Goal
Raise awareness about the importance of a good sleep, and the consequences of a bad habit for health and the correct development of children and adolescents.
Developing
The dream is a fundamental habit in the life of the human being that involves physiological and behavioral processes. Sleeping entails an intense brain activity. Through sleep, physical and psychological functions of the person are restored to obtain optimal performance during the day in the activities carried out.
Good child development depends largely on stable sleep patterns, healthy habits that allow you to sleep properly. The correct night sleep allows adequate realization of daily activities in the day, greater concentration and effectiveness. If this is not the case immediately the case must be exposed to the pediatrician to take the necessary corrective measures.
The dream is a changing stage according to the age of the person, so it is importantthe same.
The influences of sleep models in child behavior are evident, the child’s health is directly affected by the duration and quality of sleep. These factors of bad sleep habits lead to sleep disorder in childhood and adolescence, which can have serious consequences on psychic growth and development, cardiovascular risk, sudden death, environment conflicts and health problems such as the most relevant obesitychildish.Promote education measures to raise awareness of sleeping hours since adolescents form a group sensitive to bad sleep habits.
During the first months of life, babies sleep much longer than an adult, need between 16 and 20 hours to recover energy and learn to develop outside the womb. The rite of sleep changes according to the age and need of people, the important thing is to become aware that having a healthy sleep and resting routine is ideal for each of us.
On the other hand, 6 -year -old children and even pre -adolescence need 10 to 12 hours of night rest. At this stage it is when the problems to reconcile sleep generally begin.In the adolescence stage, the amount of sleep is regulated to that of an adult, they need to sleep from 8 to 10 hours per night, although in most cases it is not fulfilled. Unfortunately, social pressures according to age foster certain inappropriate rest habits.
The organism of each individual determines the need for the dream of each organism and at every moment. To avoid feeling drowsiness during the day a repair and correct dream is necessary at night.An adequate amount and the precise moment for sleep hours, is essential for people who wish to pay to one hundred percent.
However, today, many children and adolescents do not sleep enough and have changing sleep patterns throughout the week. These are factors that lead to a mismatch in their rhythm of sleep-sueño sleep that has an impact on the child’s life, from his ability to pay attention to class to his mood.
A bad sleep habit causes sleep disorders that are problems related to sleeping and that has serious scope in everyday life: low performance, physical exhaustion, day sleep, difficulty fulfilling professional, family or social obligations. According to the alteration of the physiological rhythmic state, a sleep disorder can be considered.
According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, sleep disorders are grouped into eight categories:
1. Insomnia.
two. Circadian rhythm disorders
3. Sleep respiratory disorders or another cause that disturbs night sleep.
4. Sleep disorders related to breathing.
5. Sleep disorders related to movement
6. Hypersomnia of central origin (not produced by alterations of circadian origin,
7. Parasomnias: from REM, NREM and others.
8. Isolated symptoms.
9. Other sleep disorders, restless legs syndrome, night terrors, nightmares and sleepwalking
There are two relevant types of child sleep problems, which can be determined as follows:
- Difficulty sleeping or staying asleep.
- Disturbing episodes that interfere with sleep.
Initially, the important thing is to recognize the existence of a sleep disorder that is affecting the child or adolescent in order to start solving it in the short term and immediately notify the pediatrician. The types of these cases are divided into the following categories in children:
- Can not sleep.
- Has unprecedented habits at night.
- Sleep during the day.
Its beginning is usually varied. It can appear as a result of various diseases that are risk factors for the appearance of more pathologies.Other unfavorable consequences of bad night sleep habits may occur in the long term, such as memory alterations and logical reasoning problems. While, in childhood and adolescence, related physiological processes can be disturbed with hormonal function, blood pressure, efficiency, concentration capacity, childhood obesity, diabetes, depression and medication abuse.
To avoid a negative influence of bad sleep habits in children and adolescents, it is necessaryand timely intervention for the benefit of the child and his family, and consequently a healthy lifestyle.
Maintain healthy sleep habits is essential for the correct emotional and physical growth of children and adolescents, thus avoiding their serious consequences.
Children from 2 months to 2 years
Create routines for the baby to learn to eat awake, receive their bathroom and sleep. Be repetitive at schedules to create a healthy habit. Feed at night. You should sleep in a quiet, dark atmosphere and pleasant temperature. Avoid intense physical activity 1-2 hours before bedtime. You should not make the naps too long.
Children from 2 years to 12 years
Give security to the child, avoid fears and anguish so that you can reconcile the dream only. Maintain sleep routines. Do not give it too many liquids that will make you wake up to go to the bathroom. You should only sleep nap as a complement to night sleep. Avoid exciting drinks.
Adolescent stage
- Do physical activity on the day, helps regulate sleep hours and have a better mood.
- Sleep a nap no more than 45 minutes and should be early in the afternoon
- Prevent stimulating drinks such as coffee, chocolate, tail or energy before going to bed.
- It is also beneficial that at least one hour before sleeping they avoid being in contact with light screens such as cell phone, tablet, computer or television, which decrease sleep conciliation capacity
- It is good that at home there is a favorable atmosphere for sleep, especially at the end of the afternoon and early at night. Lowering the rooms and controlling the temperature also favors sleep.
- Finally, the importance of the presence of educational programs and habits of the predominance of bad sleep habits and daily performance of children and adolescents, components that affect the practice of healthy sleep habits.
Material and method:
The development of the subject was carried out based on the bibliography, official documentary sources (web pages, medical items, etc.). This information has served to recognize the issue and its problem by not carrying healthy sleep habits. The impact on the life of a child and adolescents.Children and adolescents were taken as a fundamental basis, since these two stages of life form a predominant role in the development of a human being. Looking for relevant causes and concrete consequences of the influence on sleep.
Having an inappropriate night rest has an impact on drowsiness, decreased attention and concentration, slow thought, physical tiredness;At a psychological level, it favors the process of diseases such as depression and anxiety. The sleep apnea is one of the most frequent causes of not sleeping, which encourages the appearance of arterial hypertension, myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular diseases.
The loss of sleep between 3 or 4 hours in children, can cause:
- Irritation and outburst
- Restlessness
- Overwhelmed and decline
- Discouragement and weakness
- Low tolerance to frustration
- Memory loss
- Lack of attention, which leads to a school failure.
- Little motor performance
- Depression.
- Disposal and opposition
- Lack of concentration
- Headache
- Accidents, to any measure
- Low of reflexes
- Attachment to infections
As for the issue of sleep habits in adolescents it comes as a result of the beginning of puberty due to the generation of hormones, which cause a two -hour change in their sleep phase, which added with their school tasks and other regular responsibilities makethat your sleeping time is later.
Through good habits, adequate sleep hygiene is achieved, the most basic to have a permanent schedule to lieAvoid light spotlights encourages sleep.
conclusion
The sleep habit has a direct incidence on the health of a person, and with more vulnerability children and adolescents, since they are in constant changes due to the very age they are going through.Both adults and children from an early age must acquire correct habits before going to sleep in order to avoid bad physical development in intellectual in the individual. On the importance of a good sleep habit starts from parents at home, avoiding giving in to bad customs before going to sleep, a situation that has an impact on the health of children and adolescents.
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