Parameters applied in an international context
Introduction
In the following research work, relevant information is presented regarding some parameters applied in an international context, which have as an essential purpose decree standards that structure the products and projects of the field in which they are applied, in this case making an approach In the technical drawing area, mentioning aspects such as dimensions, scales, types of lines, views, textures, labelings and formats.
First, for the elaboration of the activity, consultation and reading in different sources for the collection of information and so that they were complying with the points requested in the corresponding instructions were carried out in different sources. In general, the origin of the organization, the year of creation, the meaning of its acronym, characteristics and general description of technical drawing standards of the corresponding body is covered.
Developing
ISO standards
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDITION). This European institution is made up of standardization organizations such as ANSI and DIN to mention some, its main objective is to match the existing systems in favor of technology, in this way it provides benefits related to the exchange of goods and services between the different countries of the world.
These standards cover issues such as the numbering system, notes, paper size, geometric dimensions and tolerance, welding symbols, abbreviations, roughness symbols and electrical symbols. These standards cover metric and inches measures, as well as standards for computer -assisted drawing.
According to International Organization for Standardization (S.F.) The following standards are those used in the area of technical drawings:
Being an institution whose purpose is to facilitate exchanges, covers all areas of standardization except the electrical engineering field, in terms of this field, it can be said that it encompasses a wide variety of aspects to reach an understandable design.
ANSI standards
It is a private organization that has no profit created in the United States of America in 1918, began with the name of American Engineering Standards Committee (AESC) and is part of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It was in the year of 1969 when he obtained his current name, American National Standards Institute for its acronym in English.
ANSI standards related to technical drawing are characterized by establishing standardized paper sizes, abbreviations for drawings, since this way is evolved, also the symbols that determine textures as well as finishes and have established guidelines on how they should be sized of drawings. This keeps legible and ordered drawings. Dimensions rules cover civil, mechanical and architectural practices.
ANSI drawing standards are composed as follows:
- ANSI B4.2 – 1978, Metric Limits and Settings.
- ANSI /ASME B44.1 – 1985, surface texture (roughness, undulation and position)
- ANSI B89.3.1 – 1972, exterior roundness measurement.
- ANSI B92.1 – 1970, metric module, grooved envelope.
- ANSI Y14.1 – 1980, drawings sheets sizes and formats.
- ANSI Y14.6 – 1978, representation of threads on screws.
- ANSI Y14.6 am – 1981, representation of threads on screws (metric supplement).
- ANSI Y14.36 – 1978, Textures and symbols surfaces.
- ANSI Y1.1 – 1989, abbreviations – for use in drawings and text.
- ANSI /ASME B94.6 – 1984, dab.
Nom
The meaning of its acronym is Official Mexican Standard, according to official Mexican standards (2015) the origin of the parameters in the country is mainly due to strong influences by North America with the purpose of providing care to consumers of companies in companies of Mexico.
Within these guidelines, the characteristics and specifications that the line that are used in the stroke of the technical drawings in order to obtain a clear graphic expression and that facilitate its reproduction and that facilitate its reproduction and that facilitate its reproduction. They stipulate how the dimensions should be shown, which indicate the real dimensions of the embodied design.
DIN standards
Deutsches Institut Für Normung for its acronym in German, means German standardization institute. It was created in Germany, in the year of 1917, its headquarters are located in Berlin and the norms stipulated by this institution represent regulations that operate on trade and public institutions regarding the development of German products.
Regarding technical drawing, in its standards the format elaboration is mainly established: Gross Format Measures, the Final Format and Margins. They are the following
- DIN 199 Standard, Classification of Drawings According to the following criteria: Drawing Objectivity, Drawing, Content and Destination Preparation Form.
- DIN 476, has been applied in various countries, this decrees the sizes and formats of papers that must be official.
- Current standards related to drawing
- DIN 406, it stipulates how to make dimensions and annotation of relevant data in
- DIN 823 determines the scales to use.
JIS standards
Japanese standards promulgated in mid -1949, for its acronym in English means Japanese Industrial Standard. They are classified into three fields within the industries, being the areas of basic, products and methods. The guidelines issued by this organization are constantly reviewed as progress are made in technology and every five years are reviewed to determine whether it is necessary to make a change.
In the previous figure it is possible to observe how a JIS standard is written, since to appoint it a letter of the alphabet is used that determines the area to which it belongs, followed by four or five digits that indicate the division to which this pattern corresponds, Generally followed by two points is accompanied by the year in which they were issued.
The following JIS standards are related to technical drawing and a brief explanation of it is provided:
- JIS B 0001: 2010 – Technical drawings for mechanical engineering.
- JIS B 0041: 1999 – Technical drawings – Simplified representation of central holes.
- JIS B 0051: 2004 – Technical Drawings – Edges of indefinite ways.
- JIS B 3402: 2000 – Drawing Practices for Mechanical Engineering by CAD.
- JIS Z 8114: 1999 – Product Technical Documentation – Terms related to technical drawings.
- JIS Z 8312: 1999 – General Presentation Principles – Basic Convention for Lines.
- JIS Z 8315: 1999 – Technical Drawings – Projection Methods – Part 1: Synopsis.
- JIS Z 8317-1: 2008-Technical drawings-Indications of dimensions and tolerances-Part 1: General Principles.
- JIS Z 8321: 2000 technical drawings – General presentation principles – Preparation of lines per cad system.
- JIS Z 8322: 2003 Technical drawings – General presentation principles – Basic conventions and applications for guidelines and reference lines.
conclusion
The present activity addressed general aspects about the historical framework and characteristics of some of the norms applied internationally, emphasizing those that are part of the technical drawing field in order to know about the ISO, ANSI, NOM, DIN and Jis, guidelines that have origin in various countries such as the United States of America, Mexico and Japan. The need to stipulate standards in the industrial context is due to the growth of commercial activity, so the creation of guidelines is very useful as a means of international communication in this sector.
Through this activity, principles and requirements could be known in the industrial field, it is worth mentioning the difficulty in searching for information regarding the DIN and JIS standards because it was general and at the same time they were not able to complement the necessary points, according to I was investigating other standards, the information was finally collected.
In conclusion, the application of these international guidelines within the different areas that are part of the industries turns out to be an important factor to achieve a better understanding and carry out exchanges of processes and ideas more easily because certain parameters are followed that They benefit the understanding of what is proposed to optimize, whether machinery, parts or buildings. These guidelines are subjected to review, since both technology and processes constantly change with the purpose of improving and optimizing resources.
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