On the consumption of alcohol in adolescents and young people of the IUCRE in 2019
Introduction.
The objective of this research is to know the relationships that exist between young people and adolescents of the IUCR in the year of 2019 to observe if they have either school, social or family variables that relate it to alcohol consumption. In this investigation it was carried out through a mixed investigation. It consists of survey and work prior related to this. The sample was formed by the students of both sexes of the IUCR of ages between 15 and 19 years of age. When using the survey and research considering the student and its degree.
And for the analysis graphics were used which explain that 66% of the students who consume alcohol. The results showed that social support is the first factor that promotes the consumption of alcohol of young people and adolescents and the second is an external factor that is for pleasure or experiencing the third factor is through school or family self – esteem in a negative way and theFourth factor is a familiar since sometimes the same family drives to consume alcohol. A positive result was also obtained since this problem is when the family relies more and there is also social or community support. With this work it is intended to create actions to reduce alcohol consumption at an early age.
Developing.
Human bonds with alcohol have long been allowed to have very different manifestations whose evaluation and social meaning extend to date. Men and women have also had and have different links with alcohol, both in their positive and negative aspects. In our country, alcohol is the psychoactive substance whose consumption is more widespread not only among the general population but also among students from 14 to 18 years, according to recent data on the home and drug home survey in Spain.
The ability of this substance to create physical and psychic dependence, tolerance and addiction is very high, and the damages caused by its abusive consumption are such that it is already considered a public health problem that affects worldwide. Moreover, not only constitutes the third health risk factor, whose effects are related to the appearance of serious psychological and psychosocial problems, but also explains the death of 2.5 million people a year. In the younger population they are a total of 9% of the deaths that occur between 15 and 29 years.
Despite how widely its consumption is in our society, this extension is not randomly distributed but depends on personal and social variables, all widely studied by specialized literature. Alcohol consumption can be particularly relevant during the period of adolescence and youth: risk behaviors are part of exploratory behavior together with youth identity and drinking can be part of the socialization that leads young people to assumeadult roles.
The meaning and importance of alcohol can vary depending on age, so it is particularly important. In the acquisition of life styles, one of the most critical and decisive periods is adolescence, at which time the psychological and contextual changes are intense and varied, while it is the stage in which boys and girls reach more self-determination toThe time to decide how, where and who to leave, and among these possibilities is the option of consumption of psychoactive substances.
Well, according to the most recent data from state surveys, high rates of consumption of certain drugs (and more specifically alcohol) are recorded in adolescence, in the age range of 14 to 18 years, with the consequent reduction of therisk sensation. We are attending for years an increase in such consumption by the youth population in the form of drunkenness, or alcohol consumption concentrated in a few hours to reach a certain level of drunkenness.
There is still no consensus about the denomination of this intensive consumption pattern (Binge Drinking, Heavy Episodic Drinking, Risky Single-Occasion Drinking, Heavy Session Drinking, Concentrate Consumption, Bill, etc. nor in terms of its definition. The most typical expression, although not unique, of this phenomenon is the bottle, which is actually only one of the forms of alcohol consumption in which the young women gather in groups, acquire drinks in various establishments and theconsume in the recreational spaces of the weekend, priority in the street.
The studies confirm the progressive reduction in the age of onset in the practice of the bottle, standing in adolescence, around 13 years. In fact, the differences in favor of the younger population become very notable when intensive consumption is valued, p.and., drunkenness, where a higher annual prevalence appears. Likewise, the fact that new generations have reached high levels of consumption in lower number of years, which constitutes an important health problem is confirmed.
All this usually joins a false perception of the negative effects derived from consumption by oversizing its positive aspects. This intensive alcohol consumption is, without a doubt, one of the many sociocultural changes that reflect the modifications in the lifestyles of adolescents and young people arising in recent decades. In Asturian society the consumption of alcoholic beverages is a strongly entrenched practice. Recent data indicate that half of the population states that it has taken alcohol in the last year and 40.4% indicate that it has also consumed it in the last month.
In the case of minors, this consumption is also widespread, it is no exception. In our Autonomous Community, consumption prevalences are declared higher than those of young Spaniards. On the other hand, it is interesting that there are empirical data that show the existence of significant differences in alcohol repercussions on the health of men and women. Thus, consuming the same amount of alcohol, women register alcohol levels superior to men.
This is because women absorb and metabolize alcohol differently from men, have less metabolizing enzymes of alcohol, more fatty tissue and less blood and water, which causes, ingesting the same amount of alcohol as men, men,Its blood alcohol concentration is greater. Another peculiarity that affects women is the fact that alcohol abuse damage has much faster evolution in them.
In addition, girls who consume high amounts of alcohol have five times more likely to start sexual relations and three less to use condoms, which can lead to serious problems, including unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases and syndrome of syndrome and syndromeacquired immunodeficiency (AIDS). However, in general, the prevalence of alcohol consumption remains greater in men than in women, and relative differences increase when reference is made to more frequent or intensive consumption, except for the exception of ethyl poisoning in which this prevalence differenceAccording to sex, less is perceived and even invested in favor of women in some specific age groups.
It is found that men are the ones who seek drunkenness to a greater extent and present a higher prevalence of dysfunctional impulsivity than women, which can be a risk factor for intensive alcohol consumption and subsequent progress towards alcohol consumption disordersand other drugs, since these do not associate their consumption with the possibility of developing an addictive process.
Several research in our country shows significant differences between men and women regarding drug use, however, the gender perspective has not been incorporated into epidemiological research and, consequently, to the policies that have been applied in the fields ofThe prevention and assistance of drug dependencies. A very frequent error when dealing with the risks and problems involved in drug use is to consider the population as a homogeneous whole, in which the male perspective dominates.
Recently, investigations that have paid special attention to the gender have begun to be developed, interpreted from constructivist and post-structuralist perspectives, thus exceeding their analysis as mere biological variable. Specifically, the constructivist perspective has highlighted the constructed nature of the genre highlighting the influence of the sex-gender system that, through a differential socialization, reinforces the belief of an unequal and complementary definition for men and women.
For its part, the post-structuralist approach part of the previous premises, but surpasses them, stating that gender is not only built through the process of differential socialization of men and women and consistently expressed, but that gender is a “doing», A" performance ", which consists not only of reproducing the gender norm, but also verifying the identity and hegemony of gender through the punishment towards others that transgress the borders of the predominant pattern in each society.
The works that address the gender perspective allow to overcome the simple comparison of data from both sexes and impregnate new looks that help establish other questions and questions, while making way for new methodologies. In the field of drug dependencies the dichotomic look of sex is also expanding to new more understanding visions about the social factors that lead men and women to use and abuse the different drugs in a different way.
Conclusions.
Epidemiological research, although it provides information on the different consumption patterns between both sexes, expresses little about the reasons and beliefs that lead people to use substances and not others, and to the differences that exist between men and women as soon asTo forms of consumption refers.
Including the gender perspective means adding to epidemiological models the understanding of the situation of men and women from the contexts themselves in which they use and abuse certain drugs. Here gender is a methodological perspective, a mode of knowledge of social reality that allows us to understand the difference and approach the situations of inequality.
This methodological perspective requires the use of techniques, mainly qualitative. From this comprehensive vision that allows qualitative methodology, this study has been designed, in order to analyze the 23 alcohol consumption guidelines of the minors and young people of the Council of Oviedo. We have chosen to use a qualitative technique such as focal groups, since it constitutes one of the most suitable strategies to access the social worlds of young people and adolescents.
These groups facilitate the collection of in -depth information on aspects related to opinions, perceptions, motivations, etc., and the understanding of the different senses that give minors and young people to drug use. They also allow the knowledge of vital experiences and the analysis of the influence of social, economic and cultural contexts in the meanings associated with drug use. It is therefore an investigation done not only about adolescent people but with them, who stop being objects of research to become protagonists of the same.
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