North American Foreign Policy: From Clinton To Bush

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North American foreign policy: from Clinton to Bush

After the fall of the Soviet Union (USSR), the United States was established as the only preponderant power in the international arena. From this moment on, the power of the north and its allies, reached great preponderance in the level of international relations. With the disappearance of the Soviet Union, the United States found themselves free to promote the ideas of democracy and liberalism at the international level, while being free to develop their international policy and defend their economic interests without interference of the east power of the eastof Europe. "Democracy became the main form of political organization with legitimacy in the world" .

In this work we intend to establish a comparative analysis between the definition and application of American foreign policy, during the Bill Clinton government and the posterior mandate of George W. Bush. We aspire to analyze how during both governments despite maintaining differences in parties of origin and internal policy, American foreign policy maintained the same objective: extending its hegemony;although for this both cabinets used different ways.

Bill Clinton was elected less than a year after the end of the Cold War. The strategy of his mandate was focused on continuing the construction of the international liberal order that. UU. had begun at the beginning of the Cold War . This was based on achieving the strengthening of supranational institutions, pressure to respect international laws as well as develop the promotion of the principles of democracy and human rights as an idea of international order. The preponderance of the United States internationally in the context of a cold post war, provided the northern country for an opportunity to establish in different countries of the world a political system that acted in parallel to American interests. On this, the United States ambassador to the United Nations Organization (UN), Madeleine Albright, when he referred to her country as the "indispensable nation of the world," and from this statement, the country would lead the progress of theInternational system. President Clinton’s foreign policy included several important elements: first of all, it was aimed at continuing to expand the principles of democratic thought among developing countries. From the point of view of the presidential administration of Clinton, democracies were stable, responsive, and compatible with free trade that would benefit the US. UU. economically . Second, the Clinton administration collaborated with institutions such as the UN, seeking the support of this organization to carry out peace operations, in which an expansionist policy was masked. In addition, the United States would use their armed forces to intervene in humanitarian missions, evidencing the conjugation of the use of a military prison disguised as humanitarian aid. I consider that like Kennedy the administration of Clinton, it managed to recognize the world’s military hegemony, but using subjective methods and that it would not be evident that in that context the United States was the main mediator in the conflicts that weredeveloped in the international arena. During their administration, the United States intervened in Somalia in 1993, Bosnia in 1995, and Kosovo in 1999. Another element that can be emphasized is the fact that American foreign policy during this mandate would seekarmed and marine, and strategic logistics capacity to protect their interests, particularly in the Middle East and in Asia .

The president’s foreign policy from the Republican Party George W. Bush was contrary to liberal policies in humanitarian interventionism and foreign expansion . Bush’s government was contrary to the US troops under the control of the UN, which demonstrates a shelter of conservatism in these foreign policies. The foreign policy of this government maintained the policy of the Clinton Cabinet aimed at continuing to develop the military influence of the country as it continued to dilate the size of the armed forces. Also as previously noted second, the new foreign policy of the USA. UU. would avoid humanitarian operations of broad objectives as happened with the presidency of Clinton. Another element of continuity is the question that the North Nation would maintain an opposition to new competitors such as China and other emerging powers, also focusing on avoiding the expansion of the existence of nuclear weapons in potentially dangerous countries, reaffirming the fact that theNorthern country would act unilaterally where necessary;Being a contant in President Bush’s foreign policy to use US military power to advance his geopolitical interests .

The attack on the Twin Towers in New York and the Pentagon in Washington DC in 2001, change circumstantially the precepts of American foreign policy. The president declared his doctrine, the Bush doctrine ”, which would be built from elements of American primacy, assertive realism, selective multilateralism, and democratic transformation" . The doctrine was focused on developing a policy based on unilateralism, and not multilateralism based on maintaining the promotion of democracy, increasing foreign aid to support unstable countries politically and ideologically, mainly those of the Middle East area. In addition, the use of military power and the development of diplomacy (pressure diplomacy) to protect the interests of North America would be complemented.

In general terms, at the end of the Cold War, the United States triederected as dominant power in the international arena. Of attempts to give humanitarian aid to needed countries developed by the Administration of Clinton;to the "intention" to rebuild "unstable" states, raised by President George’s cabinet. W. Bush, American foreign policy during both governments maintained a constant: the expansion of American hegemony as opposed to the fall of the Soviet Union and the absence of a counterpart in the international field.

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