Natural Disasters Are Not Really Natural

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Natural disasters are not really natural

Natural phenomena are changes produced in nature. The weather, as most scientists propose, should have some balance, and natural phenomena are part of it. Although, of course, some seriously affect humans, as in the case of earthquakes, tsunamis and tornadoes.

Its classification consists of 4 categories: natural hydrological phenomena, natural meteorological phenomena, geophysical natural phenomena, biological natural phenomena. When natural phenomena become natural disasters, they can be lascivious to humans. Hurricane Sandy, one of the most deadly of the 2012 season, in the United States caused very serious economic and human damage; The population that suffered its consequences, taking some years to recover.

Just as some natural phenomena cause damage, there are others that are incredible. Examples of this are the flammable bubbles of ice on Lake Abraham in Albert Colors fused pastel. It is considered that natural phenomena become more extremes over time. This implies an alert for the future because, with the intensified aggressiveness of natural disasters, humanity may live one of the most chaotic eras in history. Tests of this are currently seen, with climate change and disasters that are leaving scars in the affected countries. According to scientific reports, we could even be approaching a new era of ice and extreme cold.

There are four types of natural phenomena, hydrological ones point towards tsamot, tsunamis and storm waves. Hydrological disasters are those that have a direct relationship with liquid, evaporated or solid water; These types of natural phenomena can take place in lakes, rivers, lagoons, seas and oceans; These types of natural phenomena if they occur in Altamar, can turn huge vessels or ships; But force is much more destructive on the coasts of the beaches or bays of a country or state; These disasters not only devast human life, but also marine and land life. Meteorological include tornadoes, hurricanes, typhoons, cyclones, among others. Extreme weather phenomena include unusual, severe or improper phenomena of the station; time at the extremes of historical distribution (rank observed in the past).Often the extreme events are based on the meteorological registry of a location and defined as located at ten percent more unusual. In recent years some extreme events have been attributed to the anthropogenic global warming, with studies that indicate an increasing threat of extreme phenomena in the future. In a new series of works that were recently published in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, researchers around the world analyzed twenty -seven extreme climatic events of 2016 and found that the climate change that man has caused was a “significant engine” in twenty -one of they. The effort is part of the growing field of the attribution of climate change, which explores the connections between warming and climate events that have already taken place.

To judge if global warming increased the probability that an extreme climatic event occurred, scientists usually compare data from the real world of moments when the increase in greenhouse gases warmed the planet during the last century – with a world against Factual modeling in which there are no increasing emissions. This technique has gained general acceptance among weatherologists in the last decade.

A few years ago, the Earth reached the highest temperatures that have been registered, when breaking the brands of 2015 and 2014. Although this reflects in part the influence of El Niño, a cyclic event that occurs in the Pacific Ocean and can raise the temperatures of the earth’s surface, a new study headed Thomas R. Knutson of the Oceanic and Atmospheric National Administration (NOAA) concluded that the worldwide record warming "was only possible because of the substantial warming that man caused for a century".

Two other studies also concluded that unusually high temperatures in Asia and the Arctic in 2016 "would not have been possible without the climate change caused by man". These types of assertions are particular: what usually happens is that scientists only say that global warming led to the occurrence of an extreme climate event. In these cases, they went further to find that this extreme heat could not have passed in a world without EMI in the last two years, the unusual warming of the waters in the Pacific has caused the great barrier of Coral to be bleached, a phenomenon in which the coral expels vital algae of its fabric and takes a spectral white appearance. If hot water temperatures persist, many corals can be extinguished, which would have terrible consequences for marine ecosystems that depend on them.

In 2016, forest fires burned about 3.6 million hectares west of Canada and the United States, including a fire that was particularly destructive in Alberta, which generated massive evacuations and destroyed 2400 homes. In this case, it is most likely that climate change has had a secondary role. Researchers from the University of Edinburgh found that global warming had caused the probability of "an extreme deficit of steam pressure" increased five times during the summer months in the region: a measurement of changes in atmospheric humidity that is associates the drought of vegetation and the risk of forest fires.

Geophysics are those that are formed or arise from the center of the planet or on the earth’s surface that significantly affect the rhythm of the human being, house avalanches, earthquakes, eruption of volcanoes and others. The deadliest earthquake on the planet was that of Kanto, Japan. Kantō’s Japanese region shook on September 1, 1923 at 11:52. He had a magnitude of 7.8 (MS) and destroyed Yokohama’s port city as well as the neighboring prefectures of Chiba, Kanagawa, Shizuoka and Tokyo. Agreeing to the most reliable sources, at least 105.385 people died and another 37.000 were missing, possibly dead.

The eruption of Mount Vesubio in the year 79 was one of the most famous and deadly volcanic eruptions in the history of Europe, which was witnessed and documented by Plinio the Young.While traditionally it has been dated on the night of August 24, different studies and archaeological findings have proven that it should have happened in autumn or winter of the same year, specifically on October 24. This catastrophe reached the cities of Pompeii, Herculano and Estabia, as well as other surrounding areas. The total number of inhabitants in these cities was between 16,000 and 20,000 people; The remains of about 1500 people have been found in Pompeii and Herculano, but the total deceased is unknown.

Finally, biological ones, refer to epidemics that can come from animals, and that affect humans and their surroundings. Epidemics can be seen as disasters in their own right and influenced reciprocally with human vulnerability and natural disasters. Natural phenomena such as floods and increased temperature in highlands can give greater scope to vector -transmitted diseases, such as malaria. Food losses due to world pests are huge. A plague can be defined as an animal or plant that causes damage or damage to people, their animals, crops or possessions. Some of the most important pests are those that lead to the loss of the production or quality of the crops, resulting in loss of earnings for the farmer and reserves of reserves for subsistence or export.

In the future, scientists hope to refine and standardize their attribution methods, so that communities affected by storms, forest fires or other extreme events can learn much faster how that event could be influenced by global warming and take actions to adapt. Natural threats, combined with the social, economic and environmental situation of Latin America and the Caribbean countries, have produced disasters of devastating consequences. The losses of human lives, economic, social infrastructure and missing opportunities for progress have been very high and deepen social problems and difficulties in the development process. A disaster interrupts the life of the community, causes material and human losses so that the community cannot recover without help. To produce a disaster, it has to be combined: a natural threat, vulnerability and few resources. Disasters can be caused by dangerous natural phenomena (an earthquake) or by man’s action (a fire). A dangerous natural phenomenon does not always cause a disaster.

Disasters are not natural and we can reduce their effects. Disaster prevention is not to prevent a dangerous natural phenomenon from occurring, but we can make the impact of the threat less. For this it is necessary to be prepared and preventive measures must be taken. For each dangerous natural phenomenon there is an emergency type and we must prepare to face it before (prevention), during and after (recovery).In prevention they all participate. Children, youth, adults has a role in disaster prevention. We must always take the drills seriously, the preparation workshops, the talks, the advice. There is a signal system that allows us to realize the location of safe places, escape routes, dangerous places, location of useful tools. We must learn to recognize them, our lives depend on it.

References

  1. Natenzon, c. (nineteen ninety five). Natural catastrophes, risk and uncertainty. Series of Documents and Research Reports, 197.
  2. Figure 2f from: Iimia R, Gottschling M (2016) Taxonomic Review of Rocheforta SW. (Ehretiaceae, boraginal). Biodiversity Data Journal 4: E7720. https: // doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.E7720. (n.d.). DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.4.E7720.Figure2f
  3. Figure 2f from: Iimia R, Gottschling M (2016) Taxonomic Review of Rocheforta SW. (Ehretiaceae, boraginal). Biodiversity Data Journal 4: E7720. https: // doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.E7720. (n.d.). DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.4.E7720.Figure2f
  4. Rocha, j. D. (2002). Natural phenomena, urban concentration and disasters in Latin America. Latin American Profiles Magazine, 10 (20), 177-206.
  5. Poloche, n. B., & Valdés, M. D. P. L. (2018). Analysis of scientific competence-explaining phenomena as a starting point to strengthen the teaching of natural sciences, with students from the 5th grade of the "central" EI, San Carlos headquarters, of the municipality of Saldaña-Tolima. Ideales Magazine, 7 (1).

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