Machismo and stereotypes in Peru
Introduction
The phenomenon of violence against women constitutes one of the greatest problems in our country. So far this year, (Medina) there are already 141 women killed in different parts of the country these figures are increasingly worrying. Thus, it is not surprising that (RPP News) Peru is the second country in America where women have lived greater sexual harassment rate, according to International Datum studies.
Developing
Machist stereotypes are the main cause of violence against women in Peru, since we observe through the streets, in the newspapers, several cases of femicides, which are mainly due to the macho ideas influenced by the male models and incorrect female of society. The problem is that many of the people consider these stereotypes valid, so that these traditional and negative ideas about masculinity and femininity are marked over time.
First, gender roles at home allow sexist thinking in man persists. (RPP News) 74% of the population considers that Peru is a macho society. This form of sexism characterized by the prevalence of the male, is the main cause of gender violence. According to psychiatrist Yuri Cutipé, people who commit these violent acts do not necessarily have a mental illness, but the cultural context and the values learned have a lot to do with.
Machismo is the central root of gender violence. When a boy or girl develops in an aggressive and macho family environment, it is more likely to normalize violence. This social prejudice has long been transmitted by traditions, customs and roles; Women’s roles to serve the man and care for children and the man, to leave and provide for the family. And this gives more value to the man than the woman, constituting a male domination about a female submission.
This gender stereotype regulates the role of women and places it in lower scenarios compared to men in addition, (RPP news) according to the World Health Organization (WHO), men who have been exposed to scenes of domestic violence against Their mothers and different norms for each sex are more likely to commit violent acts because they come to believe that they are entitled to women.
(RPP News) According to psychologist Andrea Carrillo Lock, it indicates that when a boy or girl develops in an aggressive family environment, it is more likely to assume that violence is a validly and socially accepted option to solve conflicts. Thus, boys and girls who grow up with sexist ideas are more vulnerable to exercising or being victims of gender violence.
Therefore these stereotypes of roles that exist home is one of the causes that cause sexist thinking that leads to violence against women in the home. To move forward, integral education is needed in the family with sexuality issues that break with traditional roles and prevent violence from normalizing, the commitment of society is also needed so that from childhood strong women are educated that defend their rights and Machista thought is eradicated.
Second, macho stereotypes in Peru give rise to labor discrimination towards women, since society has a wrong idea about the masculine that represents as courage and dominant character. At the same time, that the female figure is synonymous with nouns such as fragility, instability, dependence, passivity. And if we associate this in the labor field we see very clear how these gender stereotypes have marked, and continue to mark, the occupations. Thanks to this, society believes that being a woman you cannot hold an important position, since it is supposedly not done for that or because you are the weak sex and you think subjectively so you cannot work under pressure.
(Sausa), according to Eliana Revollar, she says that: although Peru has advanced in salary equity, with the approval of Law N.º 30709, that is bringing women closer to their economic autonomy, but they are not protecting them from gender violence. This inequality is another of the causes that feed sexist thinking and therefore violence against women increases. These stereotypes must be eliminated from the way of thinking of society so we must achieve a labor market in which everyone is valued either male or female in the same way.
Finally, macho stereotypes greatly influence a young man when choosing a professional or technical career, since during the primary socialization in which one’s identity is built, the boy or girl through family models and roles gender that greatly influence them, since they stay with that idea and think that it is the right thing and it is normal. While the child is forming and growing he stays with those ideas that he acquired at home and in the youth stage he greatly influences when choosing a race.
At present, (Concilia) we see very clear how these gender stereotypes have marked, and continue to mark, the occupations, there are professions that have been associated to gender in a traditional way. They are eminently masculine professions that of firefighter, police, scientific or mechanical, representing attitudes of courage, rationality, dynamism, etc. Although changes and advances are currently produced, stereotypes remain in force in society and mark many of the young people in the choice of their studies.
Since it is seen that women choose to a greater extent than men for titles grouped within the branches of ‘Health Sciences’, Arts and Humanities. Social and Legal Sciences. On the contrary, the degrees of ‘Engineering and Architecture’ continue to present a predominantly male profile. Therefore, these gender ideologies influence a young man at the time they choose a career, given this differentiated behavior in the process of choice of men and women, it is necessary to adopt adequate measures to guide school and professionally so that in the future Women make non -traditional elections and choose what they like.
All these macho thoughts give rise to violence against women such as at home for the empowerment of man feeling superior thanks to traditional gender roles; or in the labor field devalued the woman saying that she is not able to occupy an important position, since her nature does not allow him to limit many opportunities. Also thanks to those traditional ideas and attitudes that since childhood they were listening and observing either at home or possibly in their school, they influence the choice of careers in young people.
conclusion
We must remember that both genres begin school life with the same learning abilities. Then culture and what is expected of them is what marks. Changing the population’s thinking is one of the keys to eradicating that macho thought in our society which is not an easy task and to start eliminating everything it is necessary to start mainly at home giving rise to raising and egalitarian education between genres that It will be of vital importance for abuse and femicides to eradicate.
Remember that it is no use to turn your back on the subject that is already on everyone’s lips. The world of our parents and grandparents is not today’s world, and in these times tolerance has become, more and more, the key to a peaceful coexistence and if we do not change or give solution to those stereotyped ideas, we will not be able to solve the Gap that exists in our country between men and women.
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