Homosexuality is not a deviated behavior
Introduction
Cultures are not equal in all countries and what seems masculine here in another country can be feminine, although human nature is quite similar worldwide as Laura Bohannan said. Like cultures are not equal in all countries, sexual practices also vary from one culture to another, all cultures have some sexual practices institutionalized, while other behaviors are delegitimized. So, it is society itself that is responsible for creating a criterion for classification of sexuality and establishing those sexual behaviors that are lawful or illegal. Because of this there is no society that of freedom to its members in sexual practice because no culture can work with a sexual chaos situation (sexual free-for-alall), in the same way that it cannot work in a society of chaosSocial. Homosexuality is a sexual classification and in most cultures this behavior is rejected by its members when considered a diverted sexual practice. In this text it will be about whether homosexuality is truly diverted and degenerate sexual behavior or has been qualified as such by fear of it. Sexuality in contemporary society. Anthropological readings
Homosexuality concept
The homosexual concept was born literally in 1869, when Benkert first coined the term. Before this fact occurred, the homosexual term was not known and also, such behavior was understood as a disease. Homosexuality is a sexual orientation towards same -sex individuals. Although it was Benkert who used the homosexual word for the first time, it was not until 1886 when the concept was popular for the book Psychopathia Sexualis by Richard Freiherr van Kraft-Ebing. Since then, homosexuality has become an object of intense debate and study: initially it was classified as a pathological disease that had to be treated and cured, but currently in most societies homosexuality begins to recognize as a behavior or sexual orientationplus.
Homosexuality throughout history
Although the homosexual word was first used in 1869, this behavior or orientation has been present throughout history. There are well -documented homosexuality cases of the classical and ancient Rome Greece era. ‘Homosexuality can be found with equal ease in ancient Greece as in a contemporary New York sauna’. The perception of homosexual has changed a lot among societies and throughout the times. For example, in classical Greece the existence of a teenager who, during his stage of puberty, was the lover of an older man, who dealt with the political, social, scientific and moral education of the young man. There was also the case, although this fact was more rare, that two adult men maintained a love relationship, as was the case of Alexander the Great and Hefestion or Achilles and Patroclo.
Homosexuality between societies and times
Taking the example of a young man’s relationship with an adult during puberty in Greece, we find a similar example that still exists today in a small community in New Guinea. In this small Neoguinean community, young people spend almost ten years of their lives maintaining sexual relations with other men. This action is not a simple abnormal fact by a few, but society has prescribed it for all young people. During this period relationships with women are totally prohibited and, in fact, men remain away from them. In our culture it would be difficult to think that this phenomenon is not homosexuality. But the rituals and meanings that concur in this experience openly differ from what we associate with sexuality in our culture.
In our culture the fellatio between men was taboo until recently and it was a behavior associated with femininity and weakness, while the society of this small Papuana community established this behavior as a sign of masculinity and strength. In our culture, performing such acts exclusively for six or seven years, without maintaining any contact with women, would be considered an indicative of a homosexual, while for this society this experience would serve to prepare adolescents for heterosexual relationships and marriage in aposterior stage of life.
In the examples exposed above and compared to our culture (in which certain features of the Franco dictatorship still remain rooted, where homosexuals were considered patients and perverts needed to treatment and persecuted by the authorities and the society itself) we can observe howThe conception of sexuality changes a lot between the different societies and epochs, since we observe relationships between similar men in ancient Greece and in a small neoginean community of today, and yet, for example, in a western culture such as Spanish behaviors those behaviorsThey are totally delegitimized by society and established as punished crimes even with jail penalty. Therefore, we observe how the statement that homosexuality has changed during the time and between societies is true. Behaviors prescribed by Greco -Roman societies and the small community of New Guinea in our culture are degenerated and the product of a disease.
For a young man of Spanish culture, the actions played in these societies with the aim of achieving masculinity and preparing for heterosexual relationships, they would seem diverted and degenerate sexual behaviors. In Spanish society, for example young people demonstrate their masculinity in heterosexual relationships, that is, the young man has a group of friends with whom he spends most of the time, but their masculinity is demonstrated by the relationships they maintain with the genrefeminine. Therefore, masculinity is not achieved by fellatio between friends, but masculinity is achieved in sexual acts with the opposite genre and, against more sexual relations, this young man with the most masculine opposite sex will be in relation to the whole of the wholeFriends with whom he praises and praises his sexual behaviors with women. But the masculinity of a young man is not only demonstrated in relationships with women, but masculinity exalts between the men in a relationship of competition between them to see who performs more masculine behaviors (walking forward and shouldersErect, be the best in sports, play contact sports, etc.).
Differences between male and female homosexuality
Within homosexuality we find two aspects differentiated by society: homosexuality between men and homosexuality between women. The woman has been separated from history and relegated to the background until recently and because of that we lack documentation about homosexual cases in history. Although if we analyze the sexual experiences of women in the 18.
Romantic relations between women from the 18th century was an accepted world. Only when women began to practice transvestism and act as men the situation began to be considered as a threat to the masculine world and, therefore, received a severe response. At the beginning of the twentieth century, relationships were hidden after a deep medical stigma derived from a male pathology model that interpreted homosexual relationships between women more or less in the same way as the one between men. Lesbianism became a new clinical type: romantic relationships a century ago were proscribed and their importance and meaning experienced a complete transformation. With the awakening of the feminist movement in the 1970s there was a new modification on the conception of lesbianism, which acquired a political sense and became a fundamental point of feminist claims. Again it is a very different phenomenon from the romanticism of the 18th century and the disease of the 20th century. Here is the main difference between homosexuality between men and homosexuality between women, male homosexuality has always been considered as a threat towards sexist societies of these centuries, in which the male had a primary role over women. However, female homosexuality was accepted and is accepted by men while women do not adopt male behaviors that involve a threat to these societies and will be at that time when male society (for example the religious) stigmatizes and devalue this form of homosexualityclassifying it as deviant.
Sexual chaos is as unacceptable as any social chaos. As a consequence there are those who consider that people who have a marginal sexuality, and more specifically homosexuals, mark the experimental guideline of diverse sexualities, building models and establishing the trends that the rest of society can secondary with greater caution later] later].
The first homosexual communities were resistance identities, since they were in a stigmatized and devalued situation, and trenches built based on antagonistic principles of the dominant culture. Society, in the face of these first communities, tries to recover the categories that previously made sense of their life, unlike homosexuals that form small communities or communes. While today’s homosexuals can be legitimate identity, since thanks to the first homosexual communities their society has already been established.
In Spain there is an example of this. It is a neighborhood located in the center of Madrid, next to the Gran Vía, which on the decade of the 80s was progressively chosen as a place of recreation and residence of much of the Madrid homosexual community, becoming definitively, over the 90s,In the gay neighborhood of Madrid. The Madrid society described the neighborhood as deviant and its community as degenerate, staying marginalized from the rest of the city and forming the inhabitants of Chueca an isolated and excluded community, acquiring a resistance identity. The challenge of this neighborhood as marginal or deviant is motivated, in addition to what they do or stop doing its inhabitants, but also by the social gaze that excludes from the cultural and symbolic boundaries themselves to all those who are seen as strangers.
Today the homosexuals of this neighborhood and the neighborhood themselves have been legitimized by the rest of the community acquiring a very commercial and recreational environment, open and respectful of the diversity of today’s society, producing a greater articulation of the neighborhood in thelocal context and enhancing the interaction between the inhabitants of the neighborhood and the rest of the city, which deconstructs the negative image suffered by the area in question.
conclusion
In conclusion, homosexuality has been taking turns throughout history and societies. It began as a normal and legitimized practice in the ancient societies of Greece and Rome. This sexual classification was classified as deviant when it began to assume a danger to male society, as we have seen in the case of lesbianism that was initially accepted by society until it was a danger to these ancient macho societies in which theman’s figure was marked by religion. Christie Davies maintains that a group uses sexual taboos when the identity of the group is in danger. Nowadays there hasintegrating into ‘normal’ sexual behaviors. Therefore, it can be deduced, that homosexuality is not diverted behavior, but was marked as such by the fear of macho societies, but in reality it is a more sexual behavior of the wide range of sexual behaviors that exist and does not haveBecause being listed as deviant.
Bibliography.
- Tejedor Campo, Alberto del., 2003, investigate and deconstruct stigma in marginal neighborhoods ’. Ed. Eusko Ikaskuntza.
- H.M. Velasco, culture and cultures.
- Plummer, k. 1991, "sexual diversity: a sociological perspective", anthropological readings. Madrid: Fundación Universidad Empresa.
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