History of the Spanish Language: Pre -Roman period
Introduction
The history of the language originates in the pre -Roman period, since these leagues exerted influence on Hispanic Latin and adapt characteristics of this language. Its language history is divided into three: medieval, medium and modern. Spanish is a romance language, derived from vulgar Latin. It is the league in Spain and 19 American countries.
The external history of the league has cultural, historical, political and social influences that influenced linguistic facts. Contrasts with internal history. The pre -Roman contributions to the language are those corresponding to the languages of the indigenous peoples of the Iberian Peninsula, among which was the predecessor of the Basque language and those of the colonizing peoples.
Some factors that decisively influenceIt is believed that most of the Romans who colonized the peninsula came from southern Italy.
Developing
The golden Spanish is the stadium of the language that constitutes the transition from medieval Castilian to modern Spanish, its phase was characterized by the loss of the contrast between deaf and sound fricatives, although it retains the distinction between syllables, due to the confusion that occurred betweenThe phonemes in some areas The Peninsula and its subsequent influence in the colonies settled in America, both merged into certain areas of the southern peninsula, the Canary Islands and Latin America.
Medieval Spanish, with its pre -Roman influences, expanded south of the Peninsula as the reconquest progressed. At the end of the 15th century, coinciding with the political union of the kingdoms of Castilla and Aragon, the taking of Granada and the discovery of America, Antonio de Nebrija public in Salamanca if Grammar Castellana, the grammatical study not related to Latin, being theFirst Grammar Treaty of the Castilian Language.
In 1790 Spain and Great Britain signed the conventions of Nutra, for which Spain renounced any right over a vast territory of North America constituted by Idaho, Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, Yukón and Alaska, preventing the progress of the Spanish empire towardsNorthwest America. Even so, some geographical names in Spanish still last there.
The oldest texts that are known in a romance variety to relate to the current Spanish are the ValpuestSpanish.
Traditional histography considered the oldest texts known in Spanish, dated from the end of the 10th century or more likely at the beginning of the eleventh century, which are preserved in the monastery of Yuso, a town considered a medieval center of culture of culture. The doubts that usually arise about the specific romance used in the glosses make the current ligoustic currents consider that they are not written in medieval Spanish, but in a Riojan, or Navarroaragonese twist.
They are features present in the various Hispanic dialect varieties: Navarro, Aragon, Asturleon and Mozarabic, induces to think that it deals with a linguistic kione in which traits belonging to the Castilian, Riojan, Aragon, with some of the Navarro, are mixed, with some of the Navarro. Interestingly they also include the oldest texts in Basque.
In 1492, Antonio de Nebrija published in Salamanca his grammar work, the first grammar of the Castilian language, at the beginning of the prologue says the famous phrase, which now sounds prophetic, according to authors, the novel grammar did not have excessive impact on a time stillmarked by Italian humanism. The internal history of the historical language or grammar refers to the study of the changes that occurred in the structure of the language and in its lexicon.
External history refers to the history of Spanish speakers, their historical vicissitudes and the social use of language. Spanish, like the other romance languages, could derive from a Latin form that had undergone a criollization process, which made the order of more fixed constituents and more tending to the syntactic order. The same Creole could have favored the loss of nominal flexion both or more than the phonetic changes that affected late Latin.
conclusion
The loss of case marks increased ambiguity and made a slightly less synthetic language to the Spanish than Latin. Latin lacked a specific brand for the plural because it was worth the casual endings. The most used case, however, the accusative, ended in / s / in the plural. In late Latin, the accusative plural accusations ended in / s / and were used as nominative. There was a morphological pre -analysis by which this termination assumed the expression of the plural in medieval Spanish.
Classic Latin was served from the dative without any other brand for the indirect object. With the aforementioned phonological changes, confusion could be given on which of the words in a sentence should be interpreted as a subject and which object, so the construction to + substantive, in the vulgar Latin to determine a direct or indirect object, was spread to determine to determine a direct or indirect object,phenomenon that is preserved in medieval and modern Spanish.
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