Globalization, Society and Politics in the Information Age
Introduction
The purpose of the essay below is to analyze the theoretical perspective of Castells manual and other authors about the current globalization process, as well as the changes that it brings to a way of life. Globalization is a historical process of global integration that affects all social, political, economic, environmental, etc. However, if globalization closes gaps, it opens others, as explained by various authors interested in the subject, especially in the relevant changes that are producing.
Developing
Given the current situation that is lived, it is worth asking what does globalization mean?, And this process is of intense changes in our way of life, in the words of (Castells, 2000) is that “we attend one of the most extraordinary revolutions in history, a revolution focused on information and communication technologies (…) ”(P.43), a revolution that is a breakdown of border in economic and communication terms, (Arriaga Álvarez, 2000) that mentions the 3 waves of changes in the world, the third is currently lived “(…) symbolized by the invention of the computer, (…), This wave transforms society, based on the new ways of creating and exploiting knowledge ”(P.41-42), changes that are increasingly reflected in our daily lives, in the way of communicating, dressing, thinking and feeling.
How are these changes in the economy?
One of the areas where there is more changes is what (Castells, 2001) call, 2000) "Large companies are decentralized by giving autonomy to their divisions, (…), in turn small and medium enterprises work in networks for large companies" (P.Four. Five). However, this also implies inequality with small businesses that fail to enter global standards producing informality.
Added to this, the global criminal economy is created, which creates crime networks worldwide taking advantage of just new technologies with money washed and invested in its markets, a criminal network that grows in various fields (trafficking in people, trafficking in arms arms, etc.).
Likewise, globalization is also a generator of a growing inequality and social exclusion, seen as a polarity as it sustains (Castells, 2000) “knowledge becomes the central element of the generation of wealth, the unequal planetary distribution of technological infrastructureand of the ability to generate information produces an increase in disparity between regions and among people within people within societies ”(P.fifty). It is a highly dynamic system, where some countries assume devastating consequences, thus creating social movements focused on national, ethnic, gender, religious identity, a situation that also acts as a refuge in the face of the growing distrust of the authorities, of the inefficiencyOf these with their promises, forming primary identities.
How does globalization influence the environment?
Perhaps one of the areas where you can see more in environmental consequences, is then that (Beck, Ulrich; Zolo, 2005) synthesizes “modern society has become what he calls the risk society, a society in thethat the central political problem has ceased to be the distribution of wealth to become the distribution of environmental and technological risks ”. For Beck, unlike other problems that humanity has faced, in the risk society all individuals are subject to the increasing possibility of being subject to an environmental disaster. This risk position places us in uncertainty that, to a large extent, appears and remains due to the general feeling that technology has escaped social control.
It is also important to talk about the changes in the culture that brings with it the globalization product of the force of capitalism that has somehow led to centralization and integration, making the dialectic of denial more real with the birth in greater depth of thedisintegration of those peoples that have not been able to achieve the economic, political, social and cultural development possessed by globalizing countries. Thus, culture becomes a problem of inequality and differentiation between the one that really possesses the culture and the great mass that only imitates through the communications networks the ways and ways of the globalizing center countries. (De Villarroel, 2001). For the sociologist Julio Mejia, the revaluation of cultures arises as a complex response to the homogenizing trend of globalization, creating the new local cultural identities, feeling as part of a whole but at the same time differentiating themselves from it.
To do?
(Castells, 2000) proposes an international consultation between nations states;establish a democratic and trustworthy relationship to negotiate with the world;use the Internet as a horizontal communication tool;In addition to an active participation of civil society for public affairs where the State does not work, society has to be rebuilt, the new State is in which no one is sovereign, a regional and local decentralization, the development of a participatory fabricmultiplying the relationship between society and the State, a more flexible, close and nothing authoritarian management.
conclusion
Globalization is an inevitable historical process, which means having knowledge. It is having power and in turn wealth, which although it is true generates greater interconnection and global integration also generates only benefits for certain groups, increasing the polarization of these. It causes excessive consumption in global society generating consequences, especially environmental, a situation that has to form a reflective critical opinion in society, it is important that cultural, environmental stability that allows the care and valuation of the same is maintained.
Bibliographic references
- Arriaga Álvarez, and. G. (2000). Review of "The Wars of the Future" by Alvin and Heidi
- Tofler. Convergence, 7 (21). Retrieved from www.Redalyc.org/article
- Beck, Ulrich;Zolo, d. (2005). The global risk society. Sociological, 20 (57), 307–327. Retrieved from www.Redalyc.org/article
- Castells. (2000). POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION IN THE INFORMATION Age. 42–53. Retrieved from https: // dialnet.united.is/download/article/4008342.PDF
- Castells, m. (2001). The city of the new economy. Population papers, 7 (27), 4–221. Retrieved from www.Redalyc.org/pdf/112/11202708.PDF
- De Villarroel, M. AND. (2001). Globalization, culture and social exclusion. Fermentum.
- Venezuelan Magazine of Sociology and Anthropology, 11 (32), 470–476. Retrieved from www.Redalyc.org/article
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