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Ethics Name: Institutional affiliation Ethics Apple’s Utility Test Action: production of iPhones in China instead of producing them in the United States. Outcome: production of affordable iPhone in the American market. The utilitarian approach provides that, ethical behavior is defined by the results of an act but not the act itself. Apple incorporation manufactures iPhones in China because it is cheaper compared to producing them in the United States (Smith, 2014). According to the utilitarian approach, the firm provides affordable iPhones to the Americans, which would otherwise be expensive for them to afford if produced in the United States. On the other hand, the company provides the Chinese citizens with employment opportunity and reward in the form of salaries and taxes for the government. According to this test, the stakeholders who benefit are people from China since they perform production jobs. The American market benefits through cheap, affordable phones produced by the Chinese (Mielach, 2012). Basing the decision on this approach, Apple is practicing positive ethics since the outcomes are beneficial to the people performing the acts. Under the duty approach, an act is only performed because it is right to do it. Apple’s act of producing the iPhones in China is therefore unethical. A large market is found in the American market. As a requirement, Apple is obligated to give back to the Americans. Apple is supposed to practice corporate social responsibility through offering jobs to people who make up the market. Further, According to one of the articles, the people producing the products are exploited by the company
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