Dengue’S Disease

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Dengue’s disease

Introduction

Dengue is an infectious disease given by the dengue virus by mosquito bite belonging to the Flaviviradae group, which has come to infect mainly to tropical and subtropical places, such as Africa, America or Brazil. This condition has a total of 4 serotypes, being the case of DEN-1, 2, 3 and 4, so it is considered highly infectious. The transmission form is mediated by the mosquito bites known as Aedes, the same ones that reachTransmitting the virus of both Zika and Chikunguña, gets to spread from person to person and its boom is mostly given during the rainy season, due to this situation it has been considered a problem at the public health level, among the mainCauses related to the transmission is the increase of the population, high temperatures, frequent rains, lack of care in terms of vectors, non -purified areas, accumulation of water in containers, visits to other countries, among others .

As for epidemiology, this has been an RNA virus, which can even present variants at the genetic level given by the high virulence load that goes hand in hand with the geography of the virus, where thanks to various studiesIt has been shown that some genetic variations can develop hemorrhagic dengue, in addition the virus incubation period occurs in approximately 4 to 10 days . The characteristic symptomatology of this pathology is generally given in children and adolescents who have minor signs and start after the week of the bite and regularly recover within a period of a week, but in some individuals it becomes more harmful, among theMain clinical manifestations are the presence of high fever, pain at the level of the head, which are accompanied by nausea and vomiting in addition to the inflamed glands, discomfort in the joints and in the muscles, in some cases dehydration, cutaneous eruptions and inclusive,If it is more serious, it produces “the hemorrhagic fever of dengue” that can lead to death.

To diagnose this pathology, it is important to make a differential diagnosis, because, symptomatology tends to relate to other conditions such as typhoid fever or malaria, despite this, due to the cross reaction that these antibodies have to have aConfusion for diagnosis, however clinical tests must be performed due to the lack of biomarkers, within which specific antibodies must be analyzed to assess viral detection by a blood sample for the initial value and later another at 2 or 3weeks, just as the use of the PCR can be implemented. At present there is no specific treatment for dengue, so, the only thing that is done is try to relieve symptoms with fluid supply, relieve fever with paracetamol and avoid the consumption of drugs such as acetylsalic acid andwhich tends to produce bleeding problems, because of this, blood transfusions are administered due to the possible blood loss . Among the main recommendations in the face of the disease is to maintain proper prevention and control of vectors at the sanitary level, so it is importantClean garbage, frequently change animals and maintain a home in the home that has a greater predisposition, in this case places with high temperatures and especially with regular rains .

METHODOLOGY

The search was done through Pubmed that is a database that allows us to find a large number of scientific journals for the use of the bibliographic review. First, the general search was done with the word dengue without any filter the total search was 9.216 articles. Subsequently, it was performed as an advanced search with words such as dengue, signs and symptoms, treatment, viruses and excluding age with a result of 6.681 articles, the filters of which the inclusion criteria belonged to less than 5 years, type of review, books and documents, and the Spanish and English language were placed, so in the search 154 articles were obtained, of theWhich we will use 8 articles to base our work but to complement our search we used academic Google where it allowed us340 articles of which we only chose 7 to complement the search.

What we can add to this work is that through the epidemiological gazette of the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador in 2012-2014 provided by our teacher we will use to perform the epidemic channel and the trends that correspond to our disease that is the dengue.

Conclusions

According to the Epidemiological Gazette, the upper limit corresponds to 769 cases, the limit less than 35 cases, so that the mean would correspond to 367casos, with an endemic curve of 467 cases of dengue.

So in Ecuador in 2012 it presents a sustained tendency of dengue cases. Being in this way very important to emphasize that this year corresponded to the maximum number of cases from 2011 to 2014, it was carried out for epidemiological weeks since it is a very easy and fast way to take out the number of cases that is happening bythe population.

It is very important to know the concepts and how to get the measures because if it is done correctly, it will help us to have a good indication of what happens in the population and establish control measures that allow to detect in a timely way what happens.

BIBLIOGRAPHIES

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