Clinical Pharmacology: Drugs That Affect The Results Of Clinical Biochemistry Tests

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Clinical pharmacology: drugs that affect the results of clinical biochemistry tests

Introduction

In analytical tests there are substances of interference, their origin can be organic or inorganic, these may contain small portions of substances that may interfere absorbing, diffracting the light or reacted with the reagents hinders the reaction of the sample with the analysis, of whichDiagnostic results are obtained. Therefore, a part of the evaluation of the precision of the analytical method includes evaluating the effects of interference substances. In this article we will talk about the medicines that affect the results of tests within the clinical biochemistry area.

Developing

Interference in laboratory samples can generate clinically significant errors which leads to erroneous diagnoses, apply unnecessary treatments for patients;In addition, extra expenses of reagents, equipment wear and wear. It has been proven that 7% of patients who take some medication show some type of analytical alteration, the probability of errors increases as the number of medications increases reaching 100% in the event that more than 5 medications are taken,One of the problems there is that there is no routine mechanism that is able to identify these interference.

Drug Interference:

The causes of analytical variability of laboratory results are due to interference in the administration of medicines. Generally when laboratory tests are requested, they are not specified which medications is usual for the patient or value what these drugs can have in the results.

"In vitro" interference

They are produced by the drug or one of their components because:

• Present a structure similar to the component to analyze.
• For presenting its own characteristics or properties that affect the results such as: pH, molecular mass, among others.
• Interference for spectrophotometric alterations.
• They can modify the valuation of a component at any level.

Pharmacological treatments, abuse drugs can lead to important variations to the extent of the concentration of some parameters or substances that are evaluated in the biochemical tests that are performed on a patient

Interferences "In Vivo"

Due to the medicine itself. It can cause an increase in the synthesis of the enzyme responsible for metabolization, "enzymatic induction" phenomenon.

• The medicine causes a change in biological magnitude through physiological, pharmacological and toxicological mechanisms.
• Effects of medication interference can be:
• Methodological interference

Factors that interfere with laboratory exams

Pre -analytical conditions commonly treated in the clinical laboratory include chronobiology variation, gender, age, position, physical activity, diet, fasting and drug use for therapeutic or non -therapeutic purposes. We will focus on the drug interference factor or drugs on laboratory tests, specifically clinical biochemistry.

• Medications in use, drugs or drugs for therapeutic use or not: medications used by the patient can interfere with laboratory results, these should be communicated before to avoid changes that end up inducing the doctor for errors in the interpretation of the values found. These interference occur in vivo when the drug or drug modifies the result, as is the case with hyperglycemia caused by corticosteroids or the increase in CK’s total activity.

Causes of interference

There are several causes that can modify or alter the result of analytical samples. The knowledge of these causes is very important, thus the results can be interpreted correctly and a successful and true diagnosis is given. In this present article we will talk exactly about drugs that affect the results of tests within the clinical biochemistry area.

• It is given by structural analogy, which means that there is a chemical similarity of the drug taken with the drug, as is the case of: efedrines in drugs that are used to decongest, the antacid such as ranitidine with amphetamines.
• The second cause has to do with the metabolization of the drug that produces an intermediary, which can be recognized by the anti -drug antibody and react with the drug.
• Another cause of interference can be given by affectation of the antigen-antibody reaction due to the drug.

Interference detection

There are several causes that can modify or alter the result of analytical samples. The knowledge of these causes is very important, thus the results can be interpreted correctly and a successful and true diagnosis is given. In this present article we will talk exactly about drugs that affect the results of tests within the clinical biochemistry area.

There are certain rules to identify some interference or alteration in the results of the tests:

1. Re -process the sample to verify the result.
2. Compare ancient results with the new.
3. Make a thorough study of the patient’s medical history.
4. · Observe if there are notorious differences in the result of the test, thus has been processed by different methods.

Bibliography

• Importance of the clinical laboratory in abuse drug analysis. Drug Monitoring Commission and Clinical Toxicology of the Spanish Society of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Pathology. (2012-2013).
• Ventura s., Pedret p., Brown j.(2007). Errors related to the clinical laboratory. Spanish Society of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Pathology.
• Clinical Biochemistry Practices Manual. National Autonomous University of Mexico. Faculty of Chemistry. (2009).
• Ortiz and., Garcia m., Rosales k., et. to the. Drug interference with laboratory tests. Rev. Cuban Farm v.39 n.3 City of Havana Sep.-dec. 2005
• Keep m., Simon Jesus.(2009). Interference between medicines and laboratory tests in hospitalized patients. Rev. Mex Patol Clin, Vol. 56, no. 4, p. 265-270
• Travé p. Clinical interpretation of analytical tests and their application in pharmaceutical care. p.11- 13.
• Vargas, r., Torné, n. And Travé, P. (2016). Review of the interference between the drugs most prescribed in the Primary Care Service of L’Hospitalet de Llobregat (ICS) and the Review of the Interference Between the Most Commonly prescribed Drugs and Clinical Analysis at The Primary Health Care Center of L ‘Hospitalet de Llobregat. [Online] Journals & Books. p. 137-138.