Biological importance of mitosis and meiosis
As for what is known as myitosis and meiosis it is known that they are two different types of reproduction, one is asexual (mitosis) and the other sexual (meiosis). In the first place, myitosis is a biological process common to all types of eukaryotic cells, through which it is ensured that daughter cells receive the same chromosomes as the mother, and therefore the same genetic information, which results in the essential result of continuityof hereditary information, and is almost always completed with the so -called cytokinesis.
The division of eukaryotic cells is part of a continuous life cycle, the cell cycle, in which two major periods are distinguished, the interface, during which DNA duplication occurs, and myitosis, during which theIdentical distribution of the duplicate material, and is composed of six stages that are: interface, prophase, the longest phase of mitosis, in which chromosomes that were not visible, Ergastoplasma is disorganized and the centers are located at the cells of the cell. The chromosomes formed by two chromatids are aligned in the equatorial (imaginary) plate that as its name indicates, it is at the same distance from the two poles of the cell.
Anaphase, the anaphase begins when the centromere of each chromosome is separated into two, releasing the sister chromatids, telofase, during this stage, the polar microtubules further extend the cell, and the children nuclei begin to form in the poles, the nuclear envelopesThey are formed from the nuclear envelope of the stem cell and the membrane segments provided by the endoplasmic reticulum, and finally cytokinesis, in animal cells, cytokinesis begins from telophase, with the appearance of cell division, howeverIn plant cells, which have cellulose wall cytokinesis appears as a centrifugal mechanism.
The biological importance of mitosis is basically that without it there would be no living beings, because without mitosis there is no cell division, without cell division, there is no growth of the individual so it would not be a living being, hence theMyitosis is essential for life.
Second, meiosis is one of the different forms of cell reproduction, it occurs in gonads for the reproduction of gametes, that is;which is a cell division process in which a diploid cell experiences two successive divisions, of generating four haploid cells. This type of reproduction is sexual, which is characterized by the fusion of two haploid sex cells so that a haploid zygote is formed;Therefore, it would be said that in a sexual life cycle the meiosis should be given before the gametes are formed.
Meiosis has a complex process that involves two differentiated phases: meiosis I and meiosis II, each of them is composed of various stages: Profase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase, which requires a more thorough study:
Meiosis I, first cell division of diploid (2n), known as reductive, as it results in cells with half of the genetic load (n), profas i, the first step consists in the preparation of the DNA to become two different sets,So the genetic material intersects and arises in the cell a kind of dividing line, metaphase I, the chromosomes are located in the center of the cell (Ecuador) and begin to separate. The random genetic distribution has already been carried out, anaphase I, each DNA ristra tends to a cell pole, forming two haploid poles (n), telophase I, the plasma membrane is separated and two cells occurHaploid, meiosis II, known as duplicative phase, because it resembles mitosis: two whole individuals are formed by doubling DNA, Profase II, the haploid cells created in meiosis and condense their chromosomes and break the nuclear envelope, metaphase II, to theAs before, chromosomes tend to the middle of the cell, preparing for a new division, anaphase II, the genetic material tends to separate and migrate to the poles of the cell, enlisting the new cell division process, telofase II, thecell membranes are separated again and result in four haploid cells (N), each with a different distribution of the individual’s complete genetic code.
The biological importance of meiosis is that this is about the resource by which the gametes that participate in sexual reproduction are produced. Thus, the usual somatic cells of all prokaryotic beings include, in normal conditions, genetic material that is duplicated, although not redundant.
Just as all myitosis and meiosis have their similarities and differences, such as: mythosis occurs in somatic cells (haploid and diploid), and mythosis occurs in sexual cells. The function of the myitosis process is somatic growth, cell replacement and cell duplication, and that of meiosis, is to produce sex cells. In myitosis two daughter cells occur, and in the four meiosis four.
Both meiosis and myitosis have the same phases: Profase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis. For reproduction they need the chromosomes that the DNA contains and are produced in eukaryotic cell.
In summary, myitosis and meiosis are two cell reproduction processes, which although they are not biologically equal have many things in common. In unicellular organisms, mythosis is aimed at the asexual reproduction of the same organism, so that there is an extension of the community of the species, individuals end up being exactly the same as those who precede it. Multicellular organisms use cell division by mitosis for their own increase, to redo damaged cells and to renew devastated tissues. However, meiosis gives rise to haploid sex cells, as a means to prop up a constant value of chromosomes in organisms throughout successive generations. Likewise, thanks to the exchange of genetic information that occurs in the first meiotic division, it ensures the genetic mutability of succession. This variability allows the evolution of species, their adaptation to changing environments and therefore increases their survival possibilities.
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