Artistic importance of metamorphosis in literary movements from the 15th to 18th centuries
Introduction
Metamorphosis was written by Ovid Nason. He begins to write it in 2 A.C and end the 8 d.C. He lives from March 20, 43.C Al 17 D.C. The book contains around 250 myths of transformations, which are a combination between Roman and Greek culture. This work becomes one of the most important since the Middle Ages, as it is used as the encyclopedia of Greek mythology. In addition to including an extensive compilation, the fact that it is written as lyric enables the author to express and transmits certain emotions or sensations. In this way, Ovid tries to teach why things happen in a way. That is why this essay will study the importance of metamorphosis and the way in which those transformations are reflected in various literary movements such as Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical.
Developing
The Roman Empire begins with César Augusto who was the successor of Julio César. After Cleopatra and Marco Antonio commit suicide, Rome becomes the empire from 27 to.C at 476 D.C The moment of the fall of the Empire. This empire becomes one of the most important as Latin spread throughout the Mediterranean creating the romance language and architecture begins to be seen in other countries. They control trade per sea, since it was the largest army in Europe. Thus the first drainage and water system are created. Architecture is used as a method to measure stratum and wealth. Thanks to this time, the most popular literature is the Latin epic, where Virgil, Ovid and Seneca stand out.
Thanks to the century in which Augusto was emperor, peace is established and many scientific and cultural advances are created. This period allows to group various events and personalities without a personal or precise limit thus enabling the arts and sciences to achieve an important development. That is why Augusto’s century is known by the flowering of the Latin letter, giving rise to the Golden Age of Roman literature. Metamorphosis in particular increases their importance, since it justified the power of emperors, in such a way that it acted as advertising, since it was represented as a divine chosen that deserved to be obeyed by all. For this reason, Augusto won the appreciation of the upper class and nobility. That is presented through many shows and meals. Augusto promotes poetry and arts, becoming the representative of artistic movements. Augusto and patron become collaborators. Changes arise in poetic conventions, so there is a transition from warmes to love. Compared to other authors, in metamorphosis, Ovid tries to understand and forget the past. In his works he shows satisfaction with Emperor Augusto, while Virgil only shows events at war. Meanwhile to metamorphosis, these are response to the Aeneid, a work that expressed human problems and created a portrait. He mocks various topics thus seeking to relive Roman Greco mythology.
Latin literature is recognized for its imitation to the Helena culture, however different characteristics are added such as speed and elegance. An important contribution to literature by the Romans was satire. By law, one of the central themes of many works were the victories at war and the representation of the Roman force on the battlefield. The lyric was driving extremely elegantly demonstrating the pride of the Romans. That maintains epic tones and uses numerous rhetorical figures such as metaphors and images.
Roman mythology is strongly reflected in Spanish avant -garde literature. From the first representatives of the year 1918 to the generation of 27 and 80. Throughout literary currents, the importance of metamorphosis has increased, since not only myths are recreated as in the Renaissance or Baroque, but contemporary writers focus more on obtaining certain important details of the myths and baseworks in those. One of the most outstanding myths in the literature of the twentieth century has been Narciso. This phenomenon can easily be seen in the generation of 27, as they used as references the feelings of the poet with his beloved, the reflection and the encounter with himself, but Narcissus was never mentioned. Another example of this strategy is the myth of Apollo and Dafne that is seen as the disagreement between nature and the human.
Meanwhile to literature and arts, the field that most exploded the Ovidian text was the painting of the Renaissance until the following centuries. That is why the work becomes known as "the Bible of the painters", this is because for the painters, these writings were the replacement of the images they would create. However, due to the primary characteristics of the work and the time character in which they were published that wanted to turn the classical antiquity, they make metamorphosis become a “literary source of the most important for the art of the Renaissance, the centurieslater ". One of the main characteristics of Ovid style are the fluidity between the transition from one myth to the other, because in this way the reader has the need to stay aware of the events, but, this happens through the detailed description that he createsvivid images of each transformation. In this way, the representation of those in the paintings is enabled.
Meanwhile to the Baroque, the sculpture was perceived movement and naturalness, since the sculptors enjoyed the opportunity to express emotions through poses. In this period, the use of mythological nymphs and beings, properly used by metamorphosis. Apollo and Dafne, one of the most important myths of Greek mythology, is represented by Bernini. In this work of art it can be perceived, while one turns around, the rhythm of the transformation of Dafen to a laurel. In painting, realism is used where universal expressions such as sadness or joy were captured. The technique of dark lights is developed due to the use of drastic shadows and little light. For example, Diego Velázquez recreates "Mercury and Argos".
On the other hand, the neoclassical uses much more symmetric and static painting techniques because it is tried to give the reason through art and figures of antiquity are used. They are characterized by little light and colors, but the landscapes are shown and the customs of the time are portrayed. The sculpture had the tendency to make retrosters towards antiquity and were generally made in white marble. Literature returns to the Greco -Roman and authors of those times glorify. Antonio Canova, sculptor, makes representations of mythological characters such as Cupid and psyche.
conclusion
In conclusion, metamorphosis have had a long representation and transcendence in the arts. Due to the extensive and detailed compilation of myths that has given its mode of employment: to mythology Bible. This work, apart from being a manual, is an allegory that refers to vital aspects such as drives of love, death, reason, knowledge and intellect, irrationality, party, and uncontrollable passions. The text becomes the pendulum of mythology in the environment of the arts and literature. As a contribution of this work, love triangles arise, however they are a great impact on literature, and are used until today. His work is one of the most important because Ovid tries to explain to the reader of the time the reason for things through central themes such as love and transformation.
Bibliography
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